1. Biology:
* Genetic canalisation: This refers to the tendency of a biological system to produce a similar phenotype (observable characteristic) despite variations in the genotype (genetic makeup). In other words, even with genetic differences, the organism develops a fairly predictable and consistent trait. This makes the organism more robust to environmental fluctuations and genetic mutations.
2. Engineering:
* Canalisation (in hydraulic engineering): This refers to the process of creating artificial waterways or channels to manage water flow. Examples include canals, drainage ditches, and aqueducts.
3. Psychology:
* Canalisation (in developmental psychology): This refers to the process by which a child's behavior is directed towards a particular goal or outcome. This can be influenced by factors like parental expectations, cultural norms, and individual temperament.
4. General usage:
* Canalisation (in a general sense): This can refer to the process of channeling or directing something towards a specific goal or outcome. For example, "The government's new policy aims to canalise investment into renewable energy."
To understand the specific meaning of "canalisation" in a particular context, you need to consider the surrounding text and the field of study it belongs to.
Let me know if you want to know more about one of these meanings.