1. Subject of a Verb: The nominative case indicates the doer of the action described by the verb.
* Example: *Puella currit. (The girl runs.)* Here, *puella* is in the nominative case because it is the subject of the verb *currit*.
2. Predicate Nominative: The nominative case is also used for a noun or pronoun that renames the subject. This occurs after certain linking verbs like *esse* (to be), *fieri* (to become), *vocari* (to be called).
* Example: *Marcus est magister. (Marcus is a teacher.)* Here, *magister* is in the nominative case because it renames the subject *Marcus*.
3. Vocative: The nominative case can sometimes be used for direct address, though the vocative case is more common.
* Example: *Maria, veni! (Maria, come!)* *Maria* is in the nominative case, but it is more common to use the vocative *Maria*.
In summary, the nominative case in Latin is the case of the subject of a verb and the predicate nominative. It indicates the noun or pronoun that performs the action or is being described.