No comma needed:
* When "thereafter" acts as an adverb: "She graduated and thereafter began her career."
* When "thereafter" is part of a prepositional phrase: "She lived in London for five years and thereafter moved to Paris."
Comma needed:
* When "thereafter" introduces a dependent clause: "He ate his lunch, and thereafter, he went for a walk."
* When "thereafter" introduces a contrasting or additional thought: "The company was successful, thereafter, it faced a downturn."
Example:
* Incorrect: "The meeting was adjourned, thereafter the committee will reconvene."
* Correct: "The meeting was adjourned, and thereafter, the committee will reconvene."
Key takeaway: Use a comma if "thereafter" introduces a new thought or clause. Otherwise, it's usually not needed.