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This results when two or more independent clauses are joined by a comma without coordinating conjunction?

This is a comma splice.

A comma splice occurs when two independent clauses are joined together with only a comma, which is grammatically incorrect.

Here's an example:

* Incorrect: The sun was shining, the birds were singing.

To correct a comma splice, you can:

* Use a coordinating conjunction (and, but, or, for, nor, so, yet): The sun was shining, and the birds were singing.

* Use a semicolon: The sun was shining; the birds were singing.

* Separate the clauses into two sentences: The sun was shining. The birds were singing.

* Use a subordinating conjunction (because, although, since, etc.): Because the sun was shining, the birds were singing.

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