1. "Specifically" as an Adverb:
* If "specifically" modifies a verb or adjective, it usually doesn't require a comma.
* Example: "The scientist studied the effects of climate change specifically on coral reefs."
2. "Specifically" Introducing a List or Explanation:
* If "specifically" introduces a list or explanation, you usually need a comma after it.
* Example: "The report addressed several environmental concerns, specifically, pollution, deforestation, and biodiversity loss."
3. "Specifically" Used as a Parenthetical Phrase:
* If "specifically" is used as a parenthetical phrase (a side comment or additional information), you need commas on both sides.
* Example: "The museum houses a wide range of artifacts, specifically, ancient pottery and textiles."
In Summary:
* No comma is needed when "specifically" acts as an adverb directly modifying a verb or adjective.
* A comma is often needed when "specifically" introduces a list, explanation, or acts as a parenthetical phrase.
Always check the context of the sentence to determine if a comma is needed.