Here are some examples:
* Happy (adjective) -> Happiness (noun) - the state of being happy
* Difficult (adjective) -> Difficulty (noun) - the quality of being difficult
* Fluid (adjective) -> Fluidity (noun) - the condition of being fluid
* Accurate (adjective) -> Accuracy (noun) - the quality of being accurate
Note: Sometimes the "ity" suffix is added to words that aren't strictly adjectives, but it still conveys a similar meaning.
For example, "electricity" refers to the condition of being electrified.