More specifically, there are two main types of figures of speech that fit this description:
* Irony: This is a statement that is the opposite of the literal truth, often used to convey humor or sarcasm. For example, "It's a beautiful day for a walk" when it's raining heavily.
* Metaphor: This is a figure of speech that compares two unlike things without using the words "like" or "as." For example, "He is a lion in battle," which doesn't mean the person is literally a lion, but implies bravery and strength.
Other figures of speech that can also express a meaning that contradicts the literal meaning include:
* Simile: This compares two unlike things using "like" or "as." For example, "He is as strong as an ox."
* Hyperbole: This is an exaggeration for emphasis or humor. For example, "I'm so hungry I could eat a horse."
* Understatement: This intentionally makes a situation seem less important than it really is. For example, "I'm a little bit tired" after running a marathon.
All these figures of speech add depth, nuance, and creativity to language.