Here's a breakdown of the definition:
Urbanization is the process of:
* Population shift: More people moving from rural areas to cities.
* City growth: Expansion of urban areas, both in size and population density.
* Social and economic changes: Transformation of a society as more people live in cities, leading to new industries, infrastructure, and ways of life.
Key factors driving urbanization:
* Industrialization: Factories and jobs attract people to cities.
* Technological advancements: Improved transportation, communication, and infrastructure facilitate urban growth.
* Economic opportunities: Cities offer a wider range of employment and business prospects.
* Social attractions: Cities provide access to education, healthcare, entertainment, and cultural amenities.
Consequences of urbanization:
* Pros: Economic growth, innovation, cultural diversity, improved access to services.
* Cons: Overcrowding, pollution, social inequality, strain on infrastructure, and loss of green spaces.
Therefore, urbanization is a complex phenomenon with both positive and negative impacts on societies.