While the concept of the seven elements of drama likely predates Bharata, he is the one credited with systematizing and articulating the Saptanga theory in detail within the Natya Shastra.
However, it is important to remember that the Natya Shastra is a very ancient text, and its authorship and exact chronology are debated among scholars.
The seven elements of the Saptanga theory are:
1. Nataka (Plot): The story or narrative structure of the drama.
2. Vichar (Character): The portrayal and development of characters.
3. Rasa (Emotion): The intended emotional response evoked in the audience.
4. Bhavam (Mood): The overall emotional tone of the drama.
5. Sandhi (Structure): The division and arrangement of the play into acts and scenes.
6. Pravesha (Entry/Entrance): The introductions of characters and the development of the plot.
7. Pataki (Climax): The culmination of the play, where the conflict reaches its peak.
While Bharata Muni is credited with the Saptanga theory, it's crucial to note that the theory evolved and was further developed over time by subsequent scholars and playwrights.