General understanding:
* Entender: This is the most common and general way to say "understand".
* Compreender: This is a more formal and literary way to say "understand".
Specific types of understanding:
* Aprender: This means "to learn" and can be used to express understanding something new.
* Saber: This means "to know" and can be used to express understanding something already known.
* Perceber: This means "to perceive" and can be used to express understanding something through senses or intuition.
* Conhecer: This means "to know" and can be used to express understanding someone or something well.
Understanding something said:
* Entendeu? This is a direct question meaning "Did you understand?".
* Entendi. This means "I understand".
* Compreendi. This is a more formal way to say "I understand".
The best way to choose the right word depends on the specific situation. For example, if you are asking someone if they understood something you just said, you would use "Entendeu?". If you are trying to express that you learned something new, you would use "Aprender".
Here are some examples:
* Eu entendo o que você está dizendo. (I understand what you are saying.)
* Compreendo a sua posição. (I understand your position.)
* Aprendi muito com esse livro. (I learned a lot from this book.)
* Eu sei o que você quer dizer. (I know what you mean.)
* Percebi o seu tom de voz. (I noticed your tone of voice.)
* Conheço bem essa cidade. (I know this city well.)