Here's why:
* Adjectives describe nouns (e.g., "the *red* car", "a *happy* child").
* Verbs express actions or states of being (e.g., "to survive", "to run", "to be").
* Past participles are a form of verbs used to form verb tenses and other grammatical constructions. They can also act as adjectives.
Examples:
* Verb: "The patient *survived* the surgery."
* Past participle as adjective: "The *surviving* crew members were rescued."
In the second example, "surviving" acts as an adjective modifying the noun "crew members".