1. The literal brass neck:
* This theory suggests that the phrase originates from the practice of using brass fittings on collars and other parts of clothing. Someone with "brass neck" might literally have a brass collar, implying they were wealthy or had a distinguished appearance.
2. Brass instruments:
* This theory connects the phrase to the use of brass instruments, specifically trumpets, in military bands. The trumpet player's position at the front of the band could be seen as requiring audacity or a strong personality, similar to someone with a "brass neck".
3. Brass tokens:
* Some suggest the term derives from brass tokens used for gambling. These tokens could be considered "worthless" in some situations, which aligns with the modern usage of "brass neck" to describe someone who's shameless or brazen.
4. Brass and audacity:
* Finally, a more general theory relates the phrase to the material "brass" itself, which was often used in the past for items of value. The term "brass neck" might have evolved to describe someone who acted as if they were worth more than they actually were, implying a certain degree of boldness or audacity.
Ultimately, the exact origin of the phrase is likely a combination of these factors, and its meaning has evolved over time to refer to someone who is bold, cheeky, or impudent.
It's worth noting that the term is often used humorously or affectionately, although it can sometimes be considered slightly derogatory.