Research Design
* Focus: The overall structure and plan for conducting a research project.
* Scope: Broader and encompasses the entire research process.
* Key elements:
* Research question(s): Clearly defined questions that guide the research.
* Research methodology: The approach used to gather and analyze data (e.g., quantitative, qualitative, mixed methods).
* Data collection methods: Specific techniques used to obtain data (e.g., surveys, interviews, experiments).
* Data analysis techniques: Methods for analyzing the collected data.
* Timeline: A schedule for completing each stage of the research.
* Ethical considerations: Ensuring the research is conducted ethically.
* Outcome: A comprehensive blueprint for the research project.
Research Approach
* Focus: The specific strategy or method used within a particular stage of the research.
* Scope: Narrower and focuses on a specific aspect of the research process.
* Key elements:
* Specific techniques or methods: E.g., using a particular statistical analysis technique or conducting a specific type of interview.
* Assumptions: Underlying beliefs about the nature of the research topic.
* Limitations: Potential drawbacks or constraints of the chosen approach.
* Outcome: A detailed plan for a specific part of the research.
Analogy
Think of a research design as a building plan, outlining the entire structure and its different components. A research approach is like the blueprint for a particular room within that building, specifying its design and construction details.
In summary:
* A research design is a comprehensive framework guiding the entire research process.
* A research approach is a specific strategy employed within a specific part of the research.
Here's an example:
Research Design:
* Research question: What is the impact of social media on body image in young adults?
* Methodology: Mixed methods (quantitative survey and qualitative interviews).
* Data collection methods: Online survey and semi-structured interviews.
* Data analysis techniques: Statistical analysis and thematic analysis.
Research Approach:
* Data collection: Using a semi-structured interview guide with open-ended questions to explore participants' experiences with social media and body image.
* Assumptions: Participants are willing to share their experiences openly and honestly.
* Limitations: Potential bias in participant responses due to social desirability.
By understanding the difference between research design and approach, you can effectively plan and execute your research project, ensuring clarity, rigor, and ethical considerations throughout the process.