Formal/Official:
* Audit: A formal examination of financial records.
* Inspection: A formal examination to check for quality, safety, or compliance.
* Assessment: A formal evaluation of something, often involving a set of criteria.
* Evaluation: A systematic appraisal of the worth or value of something.
* Scrutiny: A close and careful examination.
* Inquiry: A formal investigation into a matter.
More general terms:
* Review: A critical examination of something.
* Examination: A formal test or investigation.
* Analysis: A detailed study of something.
For specific contexts:
* Peer review: A process where experts in a field evaluate each other's work.
* Quality control: A process of checking for errors and defects.
* Compliance review: An assessment of whether a company or organization is meeting regulations.
To give you the best answer, it would be helpful to know the specific situation you're referring to.