What is it called when an author asks questions in a piece of literature?

There isn't one specific term for an author asking questions in literature. However, depending on the context and purpose, several terms could apply:

* Rhetorical questions: These are questions posed for effect, not to elicit an answer. They are often used to emphasize a point, provoke thought, or engage the reader.

* Direct address: This refers to when the author directly speaks to the reader, sometimes using questions. This technique creates a more intimate and engaging tone.

* Dialogue: If the questions are asked by a character within the story, it's simply part of the dialogue.

* Expository questions: These are questions used to introduce or explain a topic. They often lead to further exploration of the subject matter.

Ultimately, the best term to use depends on the specific context and the author's intention.