It's a colloquial expression that suggests something is done "all the way" or "to the extreme".
Here are some examples of how you might use it:
* "He was angry, and he let everyone know it, five ways from Sunday."
* "She decorated the room for the party five ways from Sunday, with balloons, streamers, and every color imaginable."
* "The kids were playing outside five ways from Sunday, running around and making a lot of noise."
The origin of the phrase is unclear, but it likely refers to the many different directions one could travel from a central point, symbolizing the thoroughness or completeness of the action.