Language Conventionality: The Rules of the Game
Language conventionality refers to the shared understanding and agreed-upon rules that govern how we use language. These rules, though often unspoken, provide structure and clarity, allowing us to communicate effectively with others.
Here's a breakdown:
1. Conventions of Grammar and Syntax:
* Word order: English follows a Subject-Verb-Object (SVO) structure, while Japanese uses Subject-Object-Verb (SOV). These conventions dictate how we arrange words in a sentence.
* Parts of speech: Nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs each have specific functions and roles in a sentence.
* Punctuation: Periods, commas, question marks, and other punctuation marks guide our reading and understanding of written language.
2. Conventions of Meaning and Interpretation:
* Lexical conventions: Words have established meanings, though their meanings can be nuanced and context-dependent.
* Figurative language: Metaphors, similes, and idioms rely on shared understanding to convey meaning.
* Social context: Language changes depending on the situation. Formal language is used in professional settings, while informal language is used with friends.
3. Conventions of Communication and Interaction:
* Turn-taking: We take turns speaking in conversations.
* Politeness: We use specific language to show respect and consideration for others.
* Non-verbal communication: Facial expressions, body language, and tone of voice contribute to the meaning we convey.
Why are conventions important?
* Clear communication: Conventions provide a common ground for understanding, making communication more effective and efficient.
* Shared meaning: They create a sense of shared understanding, allowing us to connect with others.
* Social coherence: Conventions help us function within a society, ensuring that we can navigate social interactions and fulfill our roles.
However, language is constantly evolving:
* New words are created and old words take on new meanings.
* Social conventions shift and change over time.
* The internet and digital communication are introducing new conventions of language.
In summary:
Language conventionality is a powerful force that shapes how we communicate. It's a framework that allows us to share information, build relationships, and navigate the complexities of human interaction. While language evolves and changes, the underlying principle of shared understanding remains essential for effective communication.