What Civilization IS:
* Complex societies: Civilizations are characterized by a high level of social organization, often with specialized roles, institutions, and a structured hierarchy.
* Cities: Civilizations typically have cities as centers of population, trade, and culture.
* Advanced technology: Civilizations develop tools, techniques, and systems that go beyond basic survival needs. Think agriculture, writing, mathematics, architecture, etc.
* Shared culture: Civilizations have common beliefs, traditions, values, and art forms that bind them together.
What Civilization IS NOT:
* Unified rule: While some civilizations have been under single empires, this isn't a defining characteristic. Many civilizations have existed with multiple kingdoms, city-states, or tribes, each with its own government.
* One ethnicity: Civilizations can be comprised of diverse ethnic groups, languages, and cultures. Think of the Roman Empire, with its vast array of people.
In Summary:
Civilization is about the development of complex societies with advanced features. It doesn't necessarily require a single ruler or even a single ethnicity. It's about the collective achievements and cultural identity of a group of people, regardless of their political structure.