* Language: Most importantly, they spread their Bantu languages, which are now spoken by hundreds of millions of people across sub-Saharan Africa. These languages are incredibly diverse, but they all share common roots.
* Agriculture: The Bantu brought with them agricultural techniques, specifically the cultivation of crops like yams, bananas, and sorghum. This allowed them to thrive in new environments and establish permanent settlements.
* Ironworking: Bantu migrations were often associated with the spread of ironworking technology. The ability to work iron allowed them to create better tools, weapons, and farming implements, giving them a significant advantage.
* Cultural practices: Bantu people also carried with them cultural practices, beliefs, and traditions that were then integrated into the societies they encountered. This included their social structures, religious beliefs, and artistic expressions.
It's important to note that the Bantu migrations weren't a singular event, but a long and complex process that spanned centuries. Their influence was immense and continues to shape the cultural landscape of Africa today.