Formal:
* 你在做什么? (nǐ zài zuò shénme?) - This is the most literal translation and is the most common and polite way to ask.
* 您在做什么? (nín zài zuò shénme?) - This is even more formal and respectful, used for elders or someone you want to show extra respect to.
Informal:
* 你在干嘛? (nǐ zài gàn ma?) - This is more casual and is commonly used among friends and family.
* 你在忙什么? (nǐ zài máng shénme?) - This literally means "What are you busy with?" and can be used to ask what someone is currently doing, especially if you think they might be busy.
Other options:
* 你干什么? (nǐ gàn shénme?) - This is similar to "你在干嘛?" and is also informal, but can sound a bit more direct or even accusatory depending on the tone.
Note:
* The tone of your voice will also play a role in how the question is interpreted.
* When speaking, you'll need to use the appropriate tones for each word.