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2023年6月大学英语四级考试语法复习指导(12)

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  2023年6月大学英语四级考试语法复习指导(12)

  一、almost与nearly的语法区别

  (1)两者都可用来修饰不定代词、形容词、副词、动词、介词短语等,此时两者常可换用:

  It's almost [nearly] impossible. 那几乎是不可能的。

  He almost [nearly] always arrives late. 他差不多总是迟到。

  The girl nearly(almost)fainted. 这姑娘差点(几乎)晕倒了。

  They have almost [nearly] run out of food. 他们的食品几乎(差不多)已经吃完了。

  He went out almost [nearly] every evening. 他几乎(差不多)每天晚上都出去。

  It was nearly [almost] five thirty. 几乎已经五点半了。

  He fell and almost [nearly] broke his leg. 他摔了一跤,险些摔断了腿。

  (2)almost可用于any以及no,none,nobody,nothing,never等否定词之前,但nearly一般不这样用:

  Almost any man can do it. 几乎任何人都会做。

  Almost no one came to the party. 几乎没有人来参加晚会。

  但是,两者都可用在否定动词之前:

  He almost [nearly] didn't catch the bus. 他差点没赶上公共汽车。

  (3)nearly 前可用 very,pretty,not 等词修饰,但almost之前不能用这些词:

  It's not nearly so difficult as you think. 这远不像你想像的那么难。

  【注】not nearly 意为“远非”,very [pretty] nearly意为“几乎”,都是习语。

  (4)有时 almost 可表示十分相似(但又不完全相同),此时不用 nearly:

  I almost wish I'd stayed at home. 我真有点后悔没在家里呆着。

  二、as often as及其他

  一 as often as用于字面义,表示“与……一样经常”,可视为as…as结构与often的自然搭配;若用作习语,则表示“每当”。如:

  I don‘t visit my parents as often as I should. 我去看望的次数不够经常。

  As often as I tried to phone him the line wasengaged. 每次我给他打电话都占线。

  另外,习惯搭配as often as not的意思是“往往”“通常”,不能按字面来理解。如:

  As often as not, he forgets his homework. 他常常忘做家庭作业。

  二 其他的还有:

  as soon as字面意思为“与……一样快”;作为习语,其意为“一……就”。

  as long as字面意思为“与……一样长(久)”;作为习语,其意为“只要”。

  as well as字面意思为“与……一样好”;作为习语,其意为“不但……而且”“既是……也是”“而且”“还”。





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