1. The Absurdity of Existence: The story highlights the inherent meaninglessness and absurdity of human life. Hulga (formerly Joy), despite her intellectual pursuits and philosophical beliefs, ultimately finds herself tricked and betrayed by Manley Pointer, a seemingly simple Bible salesman. This experience exposes the futility of her attempt to impose meaning and order on a chaotic world.
2. Freedom and Responsibility: Hulga's desire for self-discovery and individuality clashes with societal expectations and her mother's narrow-minded worldview. Her choice to adopt the name "Hulga" reflects her quest for autonomy, but it also leaves her vulnerable to exploitation. The story suggests that freedom comes with a heavy burden of responsibility, and that choices have consequences.
3. The Search for Meaning: The story explores the human need to find meaning and purpose in an indifferent universe. Hulga's intellectual pursuits, her embrace of nihilism, and her attraction to Manley Pointer are all attempts to find some form of meaning. However, the story ultimately suggests that meaning is not something that can be found externally; it must be created through individual choices and actions.
4. The Existence of God: Although O'Connor was a devout Catholic, "Good Country People" questions the existence and nature of God. Hulga's skepticism and Manley Pointer's manipulative use of religion raise questions about the role of faith in a world that often appears unjust and chaotic.
5. The Nature of Truth: The story challenges the reader's assumptions about truth and reality. Hulga's intellectual arrogance blinds her to the reality of Manley Pointer's true intentions. The story suggests that truth is subjective and often elusive, and that we can easily be deceived by appearances.
In Conclusion: While O'Connor's style and the story's religious themes set it apart from typical existentialist literature, "Good Country People" grapples with the core existential questions of meaning, freedom, and the search for truth in a world that often seems indifferent to our individual struggles.