Code Switching:
* Definition: The practice of alternating between two or more languages within a single conversation or text.
* Motivation: Often driven by pragmatic reasons, such as:
* Lack of vocabulary in one language.
* Emphasizing certain ideas or emotions.
* Adjusting to the language proficiency of the other speaker.
* Characteristics:
* Usually involves distinct boundaries between languages.
* Often viewed as a "lesser" form of language use, a "mixing" rather than a "blending."
* Typically occurs in situations where speakers are bilingual or multilingual.
Translanguaging:
* Definition: The flexible and dynamic use of multiple languages in any given situation, regardless of the language of instruction or context.
* Motivation: Rooted in the belief that multilingual individuals have a complex and interconnected linguistic repertoire, and that drawing upon all aspects of this repertoire is beneficial.
* Characteristics:
* Allows for a seamless and fluid blending of languages within a single utterance or text.
* Views language as a resource rather than a set of rigid rules.
* Acknowledges the interconnectedness of languages and encourages creativity in language use.
* Encompasses both individual and social contexts, recognizing the role of language in shaping identity and community.
In simpler terms:
* Code switching: Changing languages back and forth, like flipping a switch.
* Translanguaging: Using all your languages together, like a multi-colored tapestry.
Here's an analogy:
Imagine you're baking a cake. You might code-switch if you need to use a different measuring cup for one ingredient. But you would be translanguaging if you integrated various culinary techniques and flavors from different cultures to create a unique and delicious cake.
Key takeaway:
Translanguaging is more than just code switching. It's about recognizing and valuing the full linguistic repertoire of multilingual individuals and creating opportunities for them to use their languages in meaningful and dynamic ways.